This axis arises at the interface of the initial questions, devoted to plurilingualism and the Francophonie, and the research questions relating to the notion of complexity and social inclusion.

1. Simulations of complexity: digital models and social complexity
2. Border stories: intercultural studies
3. Languages ​​and languages ​​of creation: heritage, heritage, representations
4. Migration and integration
5. The new Francophonies

Disciplines involved: geolinguistics, sociolinguistics, anthropology, demography, literature, migration literature, world literature, discourse analysis, postcolonial studies, political sciences, etc.